abstract：:Many herbal medicines and dietary supplements sold as aids to improve memory or treat neurodegenerative diseases or have other favorable effects on the CNS contain a catechol or similar 1,2-dihydroxy aromatic moiety in their structure. As an approach to isolate and examine the neuroprotective properties of catechols, ...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Lo YC,Liu Y,Lin YC,Shih YT,Liu CM,Burka LT

更新日期：2008-04-15 00:00:00

abstract：:A primary role of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) is regulation of cholinergic neurotransmission by hydrolysis of synaptic acetylcholine. In the developing nervous system, however, AChE also functions as a morphogenic factor to promote axonal growth. This raises the question of whether organophosphorus pesticides (OPs) th...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Yang D,Howard A,Bruun D,Ajua-Alemanj M,Pickart C,Lein PJ

更新日期：2008-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Human exposure to bisphenol A is controversially discussed. This review critically assesses methods for biomonitoring of bisphenol A exposures and reported concentrations of bisphenol A in blood and urine of non-occupationally ("environmentally") exposed humans. From the many methods published to assess bisphenol A co...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Dekant W,Völkel W

更新日期：2008-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Diclofenac, a widely used nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug, has been associated with rare but severe cases of clinical hepatotoxicity. Diclofenac causes concentration-dependent cell death in human hepatocytes (after 24-48 h) by mitochondrial permeabilization via poorly defined mechanisms. To explore whether the cyc...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Siu WP,Pun PB,Latchoumycandane C,Boelsterli UA

更新日期：2008-03-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Freely moving rats were exposed to sarin vapor (34.2+/-0.8 microg/l) for 10 min. Mortality at 24 h was 35% and toxic sings in the surviving rats ranged from sever (prolonged convulsions) through moderate to almost no overt signs. Some of the surviving rats developed delayed, intermittent convulsions. All rats were eva...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Grauer E,Chapman S,Rabinovitz I,Raveh L,Weissman BA,Kadar T,Allon N

更新日期：2008-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Antrodia camphorata (A. camphorata) is a fungus commonly used for treatment of viral hepatitis and cancer in Chinese folk medicine. Extract of A. camphorate is reported to possess anti-inflammatory, antihepatitis B virus and anticancer activities. In this study, we tested the in vivo effects of polysaccharides derived...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Cheng PC,Hsu CY,Chen CC,Lee KM

更新日期：2008-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Arsenic had been reported to be associated with carotid atherosclerosis. However, there were few studies to evaluate the association between the susceptible gene of lipid metabolism and inflammation and carotid atherosclerosis among arsenic exposure residents. The aim of the study was to investigate the associations b...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Hsieh YC,Hsieh FI,Lien LM,Chou YL,Chiou HY,Chen CJ

更新日期：2008-02-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Chronic inhalation of high concentrations of respirable quartz particles has been implicated in various lung diseases including lung fibrosis and cancer. Generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and oxidative stress is considered a major mechanism of quartz toxicity. Curcumin, a yellow pigment from Curcuma longa, h...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Li H,van Berlo D,Shi T,Speit G,Knaapen AM,Borm PJ,Albrecht C,Schins RP

更新日期：2008-02-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The effect of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) on ion channels has been widely studied in several cell models, but less is known about their modulatory mechanisms. In this report, the effect of mefenamic acid on voltage-activated transient outward K(+) current (I(A)) in cultured rat cerebellar granule ce...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Zhang M,Shi WJ,Fei XW,Liu YR,Zeng XM,Mei YA

更新日期：2008-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:All nutritional selenium sources are transformed into the assumed common intermediate selenide for the syntheses of selenoproteins for utilization and/or of selenosugar for excretion. Methylselenol [monomethylselenide, MMSe] is the assumed intermediate leading to other methylated metabolites, dimethylselenide (DMSe) a...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Ohta Y,Suzuki KT

更新日期：2008-01-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Arsenic is a well-documented human carcinogen and is known to cause oxidative stress in cultured cells and animals. A hospital-based case-control study was conducted to evaluate the relationship among the levels of urinary 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), the arsenic profile, and urothelial carcinoma (UC). Urinary 8-...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Chung CJ,Huang CJ,Pu YS,Su CT,Huang YK,Chen YT,Hsueh YM

更新日期：2008-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Nucleoside analog reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs) are known to directly inhibit mitochondrial complex I activity as well as various mitochondrial kinases. Recent observations that complex I activity and superoxide production are modulated through cAMP-dependent phosphorylation suggests a mechanism through whi...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Lund KC,Wallace KB

更新日期：2008-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Chronic exposure to high concentrations of arsenic in drinking water is associated with an increased risk for developing type 2 diabetes. The present revision focuses on the effect of arsenic on tissues that participate directly in glucose homeostasis, integrating the most important published information about the imp...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Díaz-Villaseñor A,Burns AL,Hiriart M,Cebrián ME,Ostrosky-Wegman P

更新日期：2007-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The H295R cell bioassay was used to evaluate the potential endocrine disrupting effects of 18 of the most commonly used pharmaceuticals in the United States. Exposures for 48 h with single pharmaceuticals and binary mixtures were conducted; the expression of five steroidogenic genes, 3betaHSD2, CYP11beta1, CYP11beta2,...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Gracia T,Hilscherova K,Jones PD,Newsted JL,Higley EB,Zhang X,Hecker M,Murphy MB,Yu RM,Lam PK,Wu RS,Giesy JP

更新日期：2007-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In transgenic zebrafish (Danio rerio), green fluorescent protein (GFP) is a promising marker for environmental pollutants. In using GFP, one of the obstacles which we faced was how to compare toxicity among different toxicants or among a specific toxicant in different model species with the intensity of GFP expression...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Seok SH,Baek MW,Lee HY,Kim DJ,Na YR,Noh KJ,Park SH,Lee HK,Lee BH,Ryu DY,Park JH

更新日期：2007-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Tamoxifen is a widely used anti-estrogenic drug for chemotherapy and, more recently, for the chemoprevention of breast cancer. Despite the indisputable benefits of tamoxifen in preventing the occurrence and re-occurrence of breast cancer, the use of tamoxifen has been shown to induce non-alcoholic steatohepatitis, whi...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Pogribny IP,Bagnyukova TV,Tryndyak VP,Muskhelishvili L,Rodriguez-Juarez R,Kovalchuk O,Han T,Fuscoe JC,Ross SA,Beland FA

更新日期：2007-11-15 00:00:00

abstract：:In this study, the effects of pentavalent dimethylarsinic acid ((CH(3))(2)AsO(OH); DMA(V)) and trivalent dimethylarsinous acid ((CH(3))(2)As(OH); DMA(III)) on synaptic transmission generated by the excitatory Schaffer collateral-CA1 synapse were tested in hippocampal slices of young (14-21 day-old) and adult (2-4 mont...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Krüger K,Repges H,Hippler J,Hartmann LM,Hirner AV,Straub H,Binding N,Musshoff U

更新日期：2007-11-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Pancreatic cancer is the fourth leading cause of cancer death in the United States with a very low survival rate of 5 years. To better design new preventive and/or therapeutic strategies for the fight against pancreatic cancer, the knowledge of the pathogenesis of pancreatic cancer at the molecular level is very impor...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Sarkar FH,Banerjee S,Li Y

更新日期：2007-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is responsible for approximately one-sixth of all cancer-related mortality worldwide. This malignancy has a multifactorial etiology involving several environmental, dietary and genetic factors. Since esophageal cancer has often metastasized at the time of diagnosis, current tre...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Stoner GD,Wang LS,Chen T

更新日期：2007-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Elevated levels of polyamines have long been associated with skin tumorigenesis. Tightly regulated metabolism of polyamines is critical for cell survival and normal skin homeostasis, and these controls are dysregulated in skin tumorigenesis. A key enzyme in polyamine biosynthesis, ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) is upre...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Gilmour SK

更新日期：2007-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Epidemiological studies link arsenic exposure to increased risks of cancers of the skin, kidney, lung, bladder and liver. Additionally, a variety of non-cancerous conditions such as diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and cardiovascular disease have been associated with chronic ingestion of low levels of arsenic. However...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Pysher MD,Sollome JJ,Regan S,Cardinal TR,Hoying JB,Brooks HL,Vaillancourt RR

更新日期：2007-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:1,6-Hexamethylene diisocyanate biuret trimer (HDI-BT) is a nonvolatile isocyanate that is a component of polyurethane spray paints. HDI-BT is a potent irritant that when inhaled stimulates sensory nerves of the respiratory tract. The role of sensory nerves in modulating lung injury following inhalation of HDI-BT was a...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Lee CT,Poovey HG,Rando RJ,Hoyle GW

更新日期：2007-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Ethanol induces cumulative liver damage including steatosis, steatohepatitis and cirrhosis. The aim of this study is to investigate the global intrahepatic gene expression profile in the mouse liver treated with ethanol. A single oral dose of 0.5 or 5 g/kg ethanol was administered to male ICR mice, and liver samples w...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Yin HQ,Kim M,Kim JH,Kong G,Kang KS,Kim HL,Yoon BI,Lee MO,Lee BH

更新日期：2007-09-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Previous work from our group indicated that alpha7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (alpha7 nAChR) potentially play a role in methamphetamine (METH) and 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) neurotoxicity. The aims of the present study were two-fold: (1) to demonstrate the interaction of METH and MDMA with homomer...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Garcia-Ratés S,Camarasa J,Escubedo E,Pubill D

更新日期：2007-09-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Risk assessments are enhanced when policy and other decision-makers have access to experimental science designed to specifically inform key policy questions. Currently, our scientific understanding and science policy for environmental mixtures are based largely on extrapolating from and combining data in the observabl...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Mason AM,Borgert CJ,Bus JS,Moiz Mumtaz M,Simmons JE,Sipes IG,SOT Mixtures Task Force.

更新日期：2007-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The effect of butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT), which is used widely as an antioxidant, on IgE-dependent allergic responses in vivo and in vitro was investigated. For in vivo study, passive cutaneous anaphylaxis (PCA) was elicited in rats by i.d. injection of anti-DNP IgE and 48 h later by i.v. injection of DNP-HSA. BHT...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Yamaki K,Taneda S,Yanagisawa R,Inoue K,Takano H,Yoshino S

更新日期：2007-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The most commonly used chemical mixtures risk assessment methods involve simple notions of additivity and toxicological similarity. Newer methods are emerging in response to the complexities of chemical mixture exposures and effects. Factors based on both science and policy drive decisions regarding whether to conduct...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Teuschler LK

更新日期：2007-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:While procedures have been developed and used for many years to assess risk and determine acceptable exposure levels to individual chemicals, most cases of environmental contamination can result in concurrent or sequential exposure to more than one chemical. Toxicological predictions of such combinations must be based...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： El-Masri HA

更新日期：2007-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The synergistic percutaneous enhancement between insect repellent DEET and sunscreen oxybenzone has been proven in our laboratory using a series of in vitro diffusion studies. In this study, we carried out an in vivo study to characterize skin permeation profiles from topical skin application of three commercially ava...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Kasichayanula S,House JD,Wang T,Gu X

更新日期：2007-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The inter-relationship of "Thresholds" between chemical mixtures and their respective component single chemicals was studied using three sets of data and two types of analyses. Two in vitro data sets involve cytotoxicity in human keratinocytes from treatment of metals and a metal mixture [Bae, D.S., Gennings, C., Cart...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Yang RS,Dennison JE

更新日期：2007-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:There is a growing recognition of the need to identify when exposures to specific combinations of chemicals result in toxicological effects of concern. In order to meet this need new tools are required to evaluate the doses of multiple chemicals that occur from the concurrent exposures to multiple sources of the chemi...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Arnold SF,Price PS,LifeLine Group.

更新日期：2007-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Propanil, 3,4-dichloropropionanilide, a commonly used herbicide, has been shown to induce effects on the mouse immune system. The aim of this study was to assess the immunotoxicity of propanil in occupationally exposed agricultural workers and to characterize its molecular mechanism of action. Seven agricultural worke...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Corsini E,Codecà I,Mangiaratti S,Birindelli S,Minoia C,Turci R,Viviani B,Facchi A,Vitelli N,Lucchi L,Galli CL,Marinovich M,Colosio C

更新日期：2007-07-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Cadmium is a widespread environmental contaminant present in food. The absorption in the intestine increases in individuals with low iron stores, but the effect of zinc deficiency is not clear. The aim of the present study was to assess the influence of iron and zinc status on cadmium accumulation in pregnant Banglade...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Kippler M,Ekström EC,Lönnerdal B,Goessler W,Akesson A,El Arifeen S,Persson LA,Vahter M

更新日期：2007-07-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The skin cancer enhancing effect of chromium (in male mice) and nickel in UVR-irradiated female Skh1 mice was investigated. The dietary vitamin E and selenomethionine were tested for prevention of chromium-enhanced skin carcinogenesis. The mice were exposed to UVR (1.0 kJ/m(2) 3 x weekly) for 26 weeks either alone, or...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Uddin AN,Burns FJ,Rossman TG,Chen H,Kluz T,Costa M

更新日期：2007-06-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Recent advances have been made in our understanding of the roles played by cutaneous dendritic cells (DCs) in the induction of contact allergy. A number of associated changes in epidermal Langerhans cell phenotype and function required for effective skin sensitization are providing the foundations for the development ...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Ryan CA,Kimber I,Basketter DA,Pallardy M,Gildea LA,Gerberick GF

更新日期：2007-06-15 00:00:00

abstract：:For many decades it has been thought that oxygen analogs (oxons) of organophosphorus insecticides phosphorylate the catalytic site of acetylcholinesterase by a mechanism that follows simple Michaelis-Menten kinetics. More recently, the interactions of at least some oxons have been shown to be far more complex and like...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Kaushik R,Rosenfeld CA,Sultatos LG

更新日期：2007-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Hydrolytic metabolism of pyrethroid insecticides in humans is one of the major catabolic pathways that clear these compounds from the body. Rodent models are often used to determine the disposition and clearance rates of these esterified compounds. In this study the distribution and activities of esterases that cataly...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Crow JA,Borazjani A,Potter PM,Ross MK

更新日期：2007-05-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Epidemiological studies indicated that people exposed to dioxins were prone to the development of lung diseases including lung cancer. Animal studies demonstrated that 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) increased liver tumors and promoted lung metaplasia in females. Metabolic changes in 17beta-estradiol (E(2))...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Cheng Y,Chang LW,Cheng LC,Tsai MH,Lin P

更新日期：2007-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Arsenic exposure has been shown to exacerbate atherosclerosis, beginning with activation of the endothelium that lines the vessel wall. Endothelial barrier integrity is maintained by proteins of the adherens junction (AJ) such as vascular endothelial cadherin (VE-cadherin) and beta-catenin and their association with t...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Pereira FE,Coffin JD,Beall HD

更新日期：2007-04-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Millions are exposed to ozone levels above recommended limits, impairing lung function, causing epithelial damage and inflammation, and predisposing some individuals to pneumonia, asthma, and other lung conditions. Surfactant protein-A (SP-A) plays a role in host defense, the regulation of inflammation, and repair of ...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Haque R,Umstead TM,Ponnuru P,Guo X,Hawgood S,Phelps DS,Floros J

更新日期：2007-04-01 00:00:00